## Overview The Indonesian Navy, officially known as Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut (TNI-AL), is the naval branch of Indonesia’s National Armed Forces and is responsible for safeguarding the nation’s vast maritime domain, which spans one of the world’s largest archipelagos[1]. Its primary missions include patrolling Indonesia’s lengthy coastline, enforcing maritime law, securing the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), protecting strategic maritime interests, defending against seaborne threats, supporting diplomatic efforts, and empowering civilians in sea defense[1][2]. ## History The Indonesian Navy traces its origins to August 22, 1945, just days after Indonesia’s declaration of independence, when it was established as the “Agency of the People’s Security Sea Service” (BKR Laut)[3][5]. Initially, the force was equipped with only a handful of wooden ships and former Japanese landing craft, reflecting the challenges of a nation emerging from colonial rule[5]. Over the decades, the navy evolved through several name changes—from BKR Laut to ALRI (Angkatan Laut Republik Indonesia), and finally to TNI-AL in 1970[5]. The 1970s and 1980s saw significant modernization, with acquisitions of advanced vessels and weapons systems from various countries, and the development of a domestic shipbuilding industry through PT PAL[3]. ## Key Achievements The Indonesian Navy has made notable strides in modernizing its fleet, including the acquisition of submarines (Cakra-class and Nagapasa-class), advanced surface combatants, and the development of local naval industries through technology transfer[4][6]. It operates three major fleets (Armada I, II, and III) and a Military Sealift Command, with a strong emphasis on maritime domain awareness and rapid response capabilities[1][2]. The navy has also played a critical role in regional security, participating in multinational exercises and anti-piracy operations. #